Overview
Synovial Plica Syndrome is a condition characterized by irritation or inflammation of the synovial plica—folds of the synovial membrane inside the knee joint. These plica can become thickened or irritated due to injury or overuse, causing knee pain and limited movement. Though often overlooked, proper diagnosis and treatment are important to restore knee function and reduce discomfort.
What is Synovial Plica Syndrome?
Synovial plica are normal anatomical structures—thin folds of tissue within the knee joint. When these folds become inflamed or thickened, often due to trauma, repetitive knee movements, or overuse, they can cause pain, catching, or clicking sensations. This syndrome is a common cause of anterior knee pain, especially in athletes.
Symptoms
- Anterior (front) knee pain, often worsened by activity
- Knee clicking, popping, or snapping sounds
- Swelling around the knee joint
- Sensation of knee “catching” or locking
- Pain during knee bending or prolonged sitting (“theatre sign”)
Causes
- Overuse or repetitive knee movements (running, cycling)
- Direct trauma or injury to the knee
- Poor biomechanics or muscle imbalances
- Previous knee surgery or inflammation
Risk Factors
- Athletes and physically active individuals
- Occupations involving repetitive knee bending
- History of knee injury or surgery
- Weak quadriceps or hamstring muscles
Complications
- Chronic knee pain and discomfort
- Reduced knee mobility and function
- Secondary damage to cartilage or menisci due to altered mechanics
- Potential development of osteoarthritis with prolonged symptoms
Prevention
- Proper warm-up and stretching before activities
- Strengthening exercises for muscles around the knee
- Avoiding repetitive strain without adequate rest
- Using proper footwear and techniques during sports
Treatment Options in Korea
South Korea offers advanced orthopedic care with expertise in diagnosing and treating synovial plica syndrome.
Diagnosis
- Clinical examination focusing on knee pain and mechanical symptoms
- Imaging studies such as MRI to identify thickened plica and rule out other causes
- Arthroscopy for direct visualization in unclear cases
Treatment Approaches
- Conservative Treatment
- Rest and activity modification
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation
- Physical therapy focusing on strengthening and flexibility
- Use of knee braces or supports
- Invasive Treatment
- Arthroscopic surgery to remove or release the thickened plica if conservative therapy fails
- Rehabilitation
- Post-surgical physiotherapy to restore knee function and strength
- Gradual return to activity under medical guidance
