Overview
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, occurs when blood pressure readings fall below the normal range, typically below 90/60 mmHg. While mild hypotension may not cause symptoms, severe or sudden drops can lead to dizziness, fainting, and shock, which can be life-threatening.
In Korea, hypotension is often managed in hospitals and clinics equipped with advanced diagnostic tools, particularly in cases caused by underlying medical conditions such as heart disease, endocrine disorders, or severe infections. Korean healthcare emphasizes early detection, lifestyle adjustments, and targeted medical interventions to prevent complications.
What is Hypotension?
Hypotension is a condition where blood pressure is insufficient to maintain adequate blood flow to vital organs. It can be chronic (long-term low blood pressure) or acute (sudden drop) and may be caused by medications, heart problems, dehydration, or endocrine disorders.
Symptoms
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fainting (syncope)
- Blurred or dim vision
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Cold, clammy, or pale skin
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Confusion (in severe cases)
Causes
- Heart conditions (bradycardia, heart valve problems, heart failure)
- Dehydration or excessive fluid loss
- Blood loss from injury or internal bleeding
- Severe infections (septicemia)
- Endocrine disorders (Addison’s disease, hypothyroidism)
- Nutritional deficiencies (vitamin B12, folate)
- Medications (diuretics, beta-blockers, antidepressants)
Risk Factors
- Older adults with weakened cardiovascular systems
- Individuals with chronic illnesses
- Patients on multiple medications affecting blood pressure
- People with severe infections or blood loss
- Sedentary lifestyle or malnutrition
Complications
- Falls and injuries due to fainting
- Shock in severe cases, leading to organ failure
- Decreased blood flow to vital organs, affecting brain, heart, and kidneys
- Reduced quality of life due to chronic fatigue and dizziness
Prevention
- Maintaining adequate hydration
- Balanced diet with sufficient salt and nutrients
- Regular monitoring of blood pressure, especially for at-risk individuals
- Gradual position changes to prevent sudden drops (orthostatic hypotension)
- Medication review with healthcare providers in Korea
Treatment Options in Korea
Diagnosis
- Routine blood pressure measurements
- 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
- Blood tests to identify anemia, electrolyte imbalances, or hormonal issues
- Cardiac evaluation with ECG and echocardiography
- Imaging studies for internal bleeding or organ dysfunction if indicated
Medical Treatments
- Medications to raise blood pressure when necessary (e.g., fludrocortisone, midodrine)
- Adjusting medications that may cause hypotension
- Treating underlying causes (e.g., infections, heart conditions, endocrine disorders)
- IV fluids for dehydration or acute hypotension
Rehabilitation and Support
- Lifestyle adjustments: regular exercise, proper hydration, dietary modifications
- Education on recognizing early warning signs of hypotension
- Compression stockings to improve blood flow in chronic cases
- Monitoring programs in Korean hospitals for at-risk patients
