Overview
Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease, characterized by inflammation and irritation of the gums. It is a common condition in South Korea, primarily caused by plaque buildup due to poor oral hygiene. While gingivitis is reversible with proper care, if left untreated, it can progress to more serious periodontal diseases.
Symptoms
- Red, swollen, or bleeding gums, especially when brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
- Receding gums
- Tender gums
Gingivitis is often painless, making regular dental check-ups important for early detection.
Causes
- Accumulation of dental plaque on teeth
- Infrequent or improper brushing and flossing
- Smoking or chewing tobacco
- Poor nutrition
- Dental restorations that are difficult to clean
- Conditions that decrease immunity
- Certain medications
Risk Factors
- Poor oral hygiene habits
- Tobacco use
- Age, with older adults being more susceptible
- Poor nutrition
- Conditions or medications affecting the immune system
- Dental restorations that make cleaning difficult
Diagnosis
- Routine dental examinations
- Assessment of gum health and measurement of spaces between teeth and gums
- Evaluation for tartar buildup
- X-rays if bone involvement is suspected
Treatment Options in Korea
- Professional Dental Cleaning: Removal of plaque and tartar by a dentist or hygienist
- Improved Oral Hygiene: Brushing twice daily, daily flossing, and using antimicrobial mouthwash
- Regular Dental Check-ups: Professional cleanings every six months
- Lifestyle Changes: Quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy diet
Advanced cases may require procedures like scaling and root planing.
Prevention
- Brush teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
- Floss daily to remove plaque between teeth
- Visit the dentist regularly for cleanings
- Maintain a balanced diet and limit sugary snacks
- Avoid tobacco products
