Overview
Candidiasis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal area. It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but sexual activity can sometimes trigger symptoms. In Korea, vaginal candidiasis is widely treated with antifungal medications available at pharmacies, gynecology clinics, and specialized women’s health centers.
What is Candidiasis (Vaginal)?
Vaginal candidiasis occurs when the natural balance of yeast and bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, allowing Candida fungus to multiply excessively. This leads to itching, irritation, and discharge. It is a very common condition that most women experience at least once in their lifetime.
Symptoms
- Intense vaginal itching and irritation
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
- Thick, white, cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge
- Burning sensation during urination or intercourse
- Vaginal soreness or rash
Causes
- Overgrowth of Candida albicans due to imbalance in vaginal flora
- Use of antibiotics (which reduce protective bacteria)
- High estrogen levels (pregnancy, hormone therapy, birth control pills)
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Weakened immune system
- Tight or non-breathable clothing (creates a moist environment)
Risk Factors
- Women taking frequent or long-term antibiotics
- Pregnant women
- People with diabetes (especially uncontrolled blood sugar)
- Women using hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy
- Weakened immune system (HIV, chemotherapy, or immunosuppressants)
- High stress levels and poor sleep
Complications
- Recurrent yeast infections (≥4 times a year)
- Chronic vulvar irritation and discomfort
- Disruption of daily life and sexual activity
- In rare cases, systemic candidiasis in immunocompromised patients
Prevention
- Wear breathable cotton underwear
- Avoid tight clothing that traps heat and moisture
- Maintain proper vaginal hygiene (avoid harsh soaps and douching)
- Control blood sugar levels in diabetes
- Limit unnecessary antibiotic use
- Strengthen immune system with a healthy lifestyle
Treatment Options in Korea
Korean gynecology clinics and hospitals offer effective treatment for vaginal candidiasis.
Medications
- Topical antifungal creams/suppositories (clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin)
- Oral antifungals (fluconazole) prescribed for moderate or recurrent infections
- Probiotics (to restore vaginal flora balance)
Advanced Care
- Recurrent cases may require long-term antifungal maintenance therapy
- Korean gynecologists often use a personalized treatment approach to manage underlying causes (e.g., diabetes, hormonal issues)
- Laser vaginal therapy is sometimes used in specialized women’s hospitals for recurrent or resistant cases
