Overview
Computer addiction, also called Internet or digital addiction, is a behavioral condition characterized by excessive or compulsive use of computers, online games, or digital platforms that negatively impacts daily life. It can interfere with work, school, social relationships, and physical or mental health. South Korea, with its high internet penetration and competitive gaming culture, has recognized computer addiction as a significant public health concern.
What is Computer Addiction?
Computer addiction involves excessive engagement in online activities such as gaming, social media, browsing, or streaming to the extent that it disrupts normal routines. People with this addiction may feel compelled to use computers despite negative consequences, experience withdrawal when unable to access digital devices, and develop tolerance over time, needing more extended usage to feel satisfied.
Symptoms
Symptoms may vary but often include:
- Spending many hours daily on the computer or online activities
- Neglecting work, school, or social responsibilities
- Withdrawal symptoms: irritability, anxiety, or restlessness when not using the computer
- Sleep disturbances and irregular eating patterns
- Loss of interest in offline hobbies and social activities
- Physical issues such as eyestrain, headaches, carpal tunnel syndrome, or back pain
Causes
Computer addiction is caused by a combination of behavioral, psychological, and social factors:
- Easy access to high-speed internet and gaming platforms
- Peer pressure and social reinforcement through online communities
- Stress, anxiety, or depression leading to escapism
- Genetic or personality predispositions toward impulsivity or compulsivity
- Reward mechanisms in games and online platforms triggering addictive behaviors
Risk Factors
- Adolescents and young adults (most affected group)
- Male gender (higher prevalence, especially in online gaming)
- Pre-existing mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, or ADHD
- Lack of parental supervision or structured daily routines
- Social isolation or poor social skills
- High exposure to competitive online gaming or social media
Complications
- Academic decline or job performance issues
- Social withdrawal and relationship problems
- Physical health issues: obesity, musculoskeletal pain, visual strain
- Sleep disorders and fatigue
- Mental health deterioration: anxiety, depression, or mood swings
- Increased risk of substance use disorders
Prevention
- Establishing healthy screen-time limits and daily routines
- Encouraging offline hobbies, sports, and social activities
- Parental monitoring and guidance for children and adolescents
- Early recognition of excessive computer use
- Stress management techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, and counseling
- Education and awareness programs in schools and communities
Treatment Options in Korea
South Korea offers comprehensive treatment for computer addiction through specialized centers, hospitals, and counseling services.
- Behavioral Therapy
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to modify addictive behaviors
- Group therapy and social skills training
- Psychoeducation for families to support recovery
- Residential and Day Treatment Programs
- Digital detox programs in rehabilitation centers
- Structured schedules for daily activities and therapy sessions
- Medication
- Antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications may be prescribed if comorbid mental health conditions are present
- Supportive Services
- Counseling for stress, depression, or coexisting conditions
- Family therapy to improve communication and supervision
