Overview
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that causes infections of the lungs and respiratory tract. It is especially dangerous for infants, young children, and older adults, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia.
What Is Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?
RSV is a contagious virus that infects the respiratory tract, leading to mild cold-like symptoms in healthy individuals but potentially severe respiratory illness in high-risk groups. It spreads through droplets from coughs or sneezes and contact with contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms
- Runny nose
- Cough
- Sneezing
- Fever
- Wheezing and difficulty breathing
- Rapid breathing or apnea in infants
- Decreased appetite
- Irritability or lethargy in young children
Causes
- Infection with the RSV virus, a member of the Paramyxoviridae family
- Spread through respiratory droplets and surface contact
Risk Factors
- Infants, especially premature babies
- Children under 2 years old
- Elderly individuals
- People with weakened immune systems
- Individuals with chronic lung or heart conditions
Complications
- Bronchiolitis (inflammation of small airways in the lungs)
- Pneumonia
- Respiratory failure in severe cases
- Hospitalization, especially in infants and elderly
Prevention
- Frequent hand washing and hygiene practices
- Avoiding close contact with infected individuals
- Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces
- Breastfeeding to boost infant immunity
- RSV prophylaxis (palivizumab) for high-risk infants
Treatment Options in Korea
Korea provides comprehensive care for RSV infections:
- Supportive Care: Oxygen therapy, hydration, and suctioning of nasal secretions.
- Hospitalization: For severe cases requiring respiratory support.
- Medications: Use of bronchodilators or corticosteroids in select cases (though effectiveness varies).
- Advanced Diagnostics: PCR testing and chest imaging for accurate diagnosis.
- Preventive Measures: Administration of RSV monoclonal antibodies for at-risk infants.
- Public Health Programs: Awareness and infection control strategies during RSV seasons.
Korean pediatric and respiratory specialists offer expert management to minimize complications and support recovery from RSV infections.
