Overview
Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by flaking and sometimes mild itching. While not usually serious, it can affect self-confidence and quality of life. In Korea, dandruff is widely treated through over-the-counter medicated shampoos, dermatologist-prescribed treatments, and lifestyle adjustments. Leading dermatology clinics in Seoul, Busan, and other major cities, including Seoul National University Hospital, Asan Medical Center, and Samsung Medical Center, offer comprehensive care for persistent or severe cases.
What is Dandruff?
Dandruff is a chronic scalp condition caused by the excessive shedding of dead skin cells. It can be triggered by seborrheic dermatitis, fungal infections (Malassezia yeast), dry scalp, or sensitivity to hair care products. Though it can affect individuals of any age, dandruff is most common in teenagers and adults.
Symptoms
- White or yellowish flakes on the scalp, hair, and shoulders
- Itchy scalp
- Redness or irritation in severe cases
- Dry scalp or oily patches
- Visible scaling along hairline or behind ears
Causes
- Overgrowth of Malassezia yeast on the scalp
- Seborrheic dermatitis (skin inflammation)
- Dry skin or cold weather conditions
- Sensitivity to hair products (allergic reaction)
- Hormonal changes or stress
- Poor scalp hygiene
Risk Factors
- Oily scalp or hair
- Male gender (more prone due to sebaceous gland activity)
- Age 15–50 years
- Family history of dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis
- Stress, fatigue, or hormonal imbalances
- Neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease (rarely)
Complications
- Persistent itching leading to scratching and scalp damage
- Secondary infections if skin barrier is broken
- Hair thinning in severe, prolonged cases
- Social discomfort and decreased self-esteem
Prevention
- Regular washing with mild or medicated shampoo
- Reducing stress and maintaining a healthy lifestyle
- Avoiding harsh hair products
- Keeping scalp moisturized and clean
- Diet rich in zinc, B vitamins, and essential fatty acids
- Avoiding scratching to prevent infection
Treatment Options in Korea
Treatment in Korea focuses on controlling flaking, reducing itching, and addressing underlying causes.
- Medical Treatments
- Medicated shampoos containing ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, or salicylic acid
- Topical corticosteroids for inflammation in severe cases
- Antifungal treatments if Malassezia overgrowth is confirmed
- Moisturizing scalp lotions for dry scalp conditions
- Lifestyle and Supportive Care
- Gentle hair care routines, avoiding frequent chemical treatments
- Stress management and healthy diet
- Regular follow-up with dermatologists for chronic or resistant cases
- Specialized Hospitals and Clinics in Korea
- Seoul National University Hospital – Advanced dermatology care
- Asan Medical Center – Comprehensive scalp and hair treatments
- Samsung Medical Center – Clinical dermatology and hair clinic
- Local dermatology clinics in major cities for routine care and follow-up
- Long-Term Follow-Up
- Periodic scalp examinations for chronic dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis
- Adjustment of treatment plan based on response
- Education on scalp hygiene and flare-up prevention
